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== Pubblicazioni ==
== Pubblicazioni ==
Le Pubblicazioni includono articoli, libri, paper di conferenze legati all'IA.{{#ask: [[Category:Pubblicazione]] | ?Titolo | ?Autore | ?AnnoDiPubblicazione}}
Le Pubblicazioni includono articoli, libri, paper di conferenze legati all'IA.{{#ask: [[Category:Pubblicazione]] | ?autori | ?data | ?citazioni}}
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Versione delle 11:58, 6 set 2024

"I want to understand the big questions, the really big ones that you normally go into philosophy or physics if you’re interested in. I thought building AI would be the fastest route to answer some of those questions" - Demis Hassabis

Benvenuti nella Wiki di mindmaker.it, dove i concetti complessi diventano accessibili in una wiki semantica e basata su di un ontologia strutturata.

Aiuto

Introduzione all'Intelligenza Artificiale Moderna

Appunti per la parte di Intelligenza Artificiale del corso per l'A.A. 2024/25.

Capitolo Titolo
1 GPT e la Nuova Generazione di Modelli AI
2 Obiettivi, Addestramento e Valutazione dei Modelli di Linguaggio


Architetture

Le Architetture sono configurazioni strutturali, schemi e metodi utilizzati per costruire modelli di intelligenza artificiale.

 NomeIngleseSiglaAnnoDiCreazione
AutoencoderAutoencoder1993
BARTBidirectional and Auto-Regressive TransformersBART29 ottobre 2019
Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP)Contrastive Language-Image PretrainingCLIP2021
ControlNetControlNetControlNetfebbraio 2023
Detection TransformerDetection TransformerDeTr2020
Extended Long Short-Term MemoryExtended Long Short-Term MemoryxLSTM2024
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)Long Short-Term MemoryLSTM1997
Macchine di Boltzmann Restrittive (RBM)Restricted Boltzmann MachineRBM1986
MiDaSMulti-scale Deep StereoMiDaS2019
Mixture of Experts
Modello di Diffusione Latente (LDM)Latent Diffusion ModelLDM2021
Modello linguistico di grandi dimensioni per il linguaggio parlato
Rete Generativa AvversariaGenerative Adversarial NetworkGAN2014
Rete Neurale Artificiale (ANN)Artificial Neural NetworkANN1957
Rete Neurale Feed-Forward (FNN)Feed-Forward Neural NetworkFNN1958
Rete Neurale Residua (ResNet)Residual Neural NetworkResNet2015
Rete Neurale Ricorrente (RNN)Recurrent Neural NetworksRNN1990
Reti Neurali Convoluzionali (CNN)Convolutional Neural NetworksCNN1995
Sequence to Sequence (seq2seq)Sequence to Sequence Modelseq2seq2014
Transformer (Architettura di Deep Learning)Transformer2017
Vision Transformer (ViT)Vision TransformerViT2021

Modelli

I Modelli sono implementazioni specifiche delle Architetture di IntelligenzaAartificiale, proprietarie o open source.

 SiglaAnnoDiCreazioneVersioneCorrente
AlexNet2012
AlpacaAlpaca2023
AlphaFold
BERTBERT2018
Biaxial LSTM (DeepJ - musica)Biaxial LSTM
ConceptNet
Contriever
DeepDream18 giugno 2015
GLoVeGLoVe2014GLoVe v.1.2 (2015)
Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)GPT2018GPT-4o (2024)
GoogLeNet
Gorilla OpenFunctions2023
InstructGPTInstructGPT27 gennaio 2022
InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions2023
LeNet1995LeNet-5
LlamaLLaMA20213.0
MistralMistral2023
NETtalk1993
O1
OpenAI o1
PaLMPaLM2022PaLM 2 (2023)
SPLADE
Stable Diffusion2022SD3 (2023)
StyleGANStyleGAN2019StyleGAN 3 (2021)
VGG16 (ConvNet)VGG162014
XLM-RoBERTaXLM-RoBERTa2020
Zero 1-to-32023

Benchmark

Un benchmark, nel contesto dell'IA, è tipicamente un test o un insieme di test progettati per valutare le prestazioni di un modello o di un algoritmo di intelligenza artificiale in compiti specifici. Questo spesso include l'uso di uno o più dataset standardizzati su cui diversi modelli possono essere addestrati e valutati, ma va oltre alla mera disponibilità di dati. Il concetto di benchmark incorpora anche metriche di valutazione specifiche, criteri e, a volte, l'ambiente software/hardware per garantire che le prestazioni possano essere confrontate equamente tra differenti approcci. Mentre un dataset può essere utilizzato come parte di un benchmark, quest'ultimo è un concetto più ampio che include non solo i dati, ma anche le procedure e le metriche per la valutazione delle prestazioni.

 NomeSiglaAnnoDiCreazione
An Evaluation Dataset for Intent Classification and Out-of-Scope Prediction (CLINC150)An Evaluation Dataset for Intent Classification and Out-of-Scope PredictionCLINC1502019
BABILongBABILong2024
Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU)BiLingual Evaluation UnderstudyBLEU2002
BoolQBoolean QuestionsBoolQ2019
Cross-lingual Transfer Evaluation of Multilingual Encoders (XTREME)Cross-lingual Transfer Evaluation of Multilingual EncodersXTREME2020
Discrete Reasoning Over Paragraphs (DROP)DROPDROP2019
DocRED: A Large-Scale Document-Level Relation Extraction DatasetA Large-Scale Document-Level Relation Extraction DatasetDocRED2019
GSM8KGrade School Math 8KGSM8K2022
General Language Understanding Evaluation (GLUE)General Language Understanding EvaluationGLUE2018
HMDB: a large human motion databaseA large human motion databaseHMDB2011
HellaSwagHellaSwagHellaSwag2019
HumanEvalHumanEval2021
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition ChallengeImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition ChallengeILSVRC2012
LAION-5BLarge-scale Artificial Intelligence Open Network-5 BillionLAION-5B2021
LongAlignLongAlign2024
MATHMATH2021
MBPPMostly Basic Programming ProblemsMBPP2021
MMLUMassive Multitask Language UnderstandingMMLU2021
MS COCOMicrosoft Common Objects in ContextMS COCO2014
Microsoft Machine Reading Comprehension (MS MARCO)
Mind2WebMind2WebMind2Web2023
NaturalQuestionsNaturalQuestions2019
QuACQuestion Answering in ContextQuAC2018
SQuADStanford Question Answering DatasetSQuAD2018
Schema di Winograd
Semantic Textual Similarity (STS)Semantic Textual SimilaritySTS2012
UCF101 - Action Recognition Data SetAction Recognition Data SetUCF1012013
WinoGrandeWinoGrande2019

Pubblicazioni

Le Pubblicazioni includono articoli, libri, paper di conferenze legati all'IA.

 AutoriData"Data <span style="font-size:small;">(Date)</span>" è un tipo e una proprietà predefinita fornita da Semantic MediaWiki per rappresentare valori di date.Citazioni
A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Models2024
A Few Brief Notes on DeepImpact, COIL, and a Conceptual Framework for Information Retrieval Techniques
A Focused Backpropagation Algorithm for Temporal Pattern RecognitionYves Chauvin
D. Rumelhart
1989570
A Large-Scale Document-Level Relation Extraction DatasetYuan Yao
Deming Ye
Peng Li
Xu Han
Yankai Lin
Zhenghao Liu
Zhiyuan Liu
Lixin Huang
Jie Zhou
Maosong Sun
2019377
A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style (2015)Leon A. Gatys
Alexander S. Ecker
M. Bethge
20154,685
A Neural Probabilistic Language ModelYoshua Bengio
Réjean Ducharme
Pascal Vincent
Christian Janvin
20037,032
A Theory for Emergence of Complex Skills in Language Models (2023)Sanjeev Arora
Anirudh Goyal
29 luglio 202343
Alice in Wonderland: Simple Tasks Showing Complete Reasoning Breakdown in State-Of-the-Art Large Language ModelsMarianna Nezhurina
Lucia Cipolina-Kun
Mehdi Cherti
J. Jitsev
20245
An algorithm for suffix strippingM. Porter19739,554
Are Large Language Models Geospatially Knowledgeable?Prabin Bhandari
Antonios Anastasopoulos
D. Pfoser
202418
Are Sixteen Heads Really Better than One?
Are We Done with MMLU?Aryo Pradipta Gema
Joshua Ong Jun Leang
Giwon Hong
Alessio Devoto
Alberto Carlo Maria Mancino
Rohit Saxena
Xuanli He
Yu Zhao
Xiaotang Du
Mohammad Reza Ghasemi Madani
Claire Barale
R. McHardy
Joshua Harris
Jean Kaddour
Emile van Krieken
Pasquale Minervini
20233
Assisting in Writing Wikipedia-like Articles From Scratch with Large Language ModelsYijia Shao
Yucheng Jiang
Theodore A. Kanell
Peter Xu
Omar Khattab
Monica S. Lam
202413
Attention Is All You Need (2017)Ashish Vaswani
Niki Parmar
Jakob Uszkoreit
Llion Jones
Aidan N. Gomez
Illia Polosukhin
Noam M. Shazeer
Lukasz Kaiser
2017100,986
Automatic Stylistic Composition of Bach Chorales With Deep LSTM (2017)Feynman T. Liang
Mark Gotham
Matthew Johnson
J. Shotton
201682
BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and ComprehensionLuke Zettlemoyer
Naman Goyal
M. Lewis
Yinhan Liu
Marjan Ghazvininejad
Abdel-rahman Mohamed
Omer Levy
Veselin Stoyanov
20199,070
BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models
BERT Rediscovers the Classical NLP Pipeline
BERT for Classification: Beyond the Next Sentence Prediction Task
BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translationK. Papineni
Salim Roukos
T. Ward
Wei-Jing Zhu
200224,705
COIL: Revisit exact lexical match in information retrieval with contextualized inverted list
Chain of Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsXuezhi Wang
Denny Zhou
Jason Wei
Dale Schuurmans
Maarten Bosma
E. Chi
F. Xia
Quoc Le
20224,960
Classifier-Free Diffusion GuidanceJonathan Ho20222,205
Context-Aware Term Weighting For First Stage Passage Retrieval
Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentence ClassificationYoon Kim201412,819
Crawling the Internal Knowledge-Base of Language ModelsRoi Cohen
Mor Geva
Jonathan Berant
A. Globerson
202264
Dall-e 3 (2023)Joseph E. Gonzalez
Tsung-Han Wu
Long Lian
Boyi Li
Trevor Darrell
202414
Decoding Intelligence: A Framework for Certifying Knowledge Comprehension in LLMs
Deep Contextualized Word RepresentationsKenton Lee
Matthew E. Peters
Mark Neumann
Mohit Iyyer
Matt Gardner
Christopher Clark
Luke Zettlemoyer
201811,008
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (AlexNet)Yong-Deok Kim
Eunhyeok Park
S. Yoo
Taelim Choi
Lu Yang
Dongjun Shin
2012844
Deep Reinforcement Learning from Human PreferencesPaul F Christiano
Jan Leike
Tom B Brown
Miljan Martic
Shane Legg
Dario Amodei
20232,215
Deep Residual Learning for Image RecognitionKaiming He
Xiangyu Zhang
Shaoqing Ren
Jian Sun
2015169,163
Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium ThermodynamicsJascha Sohl-Dickstein
Eric A. Weiss
Niru Maheswaranathan
S. Ganguli
20154,460
DeepJ: Style-Specific Music Generation (2018)H. H. Mao
Taylor Shin
G. Cottrell
201886
Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question AnsweringVladimir Karpukhin
Barlas Oğuz
Sewon Min
Patrick Lewis
Ledell Yu Wu
Sergey Edunov
Danqi Chen
Wen-tau Yih
20212,997
Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image SynthesisPrafulla Dhariwal; Alex Nichol20214,806
Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector SpaceTomas Mikolov
Kai Chen
G. Corrado
J. Dean
201329,484
Emergent Abilities of Large Language ModelsJason Wei
Yi Tay
Rishi Bommasani
Colin Raffel
Barret Zoph
Sebastian Borgeaud
Dani Yogatama
Maarten Bosma
Denny Zhou
Donald Metzler
Ed H. Chi
Tatsunori Hashimoto
O. Vinyals
P. Liang
J. Dean
W. Fedus
20231,936
End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers
Estimating Knowledge in Large Language Models Without Generating a Single TokenDaniela Gottesman
Mor Geva
20247
FANNG: Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbour GraphsCong Fu
Chao Xiang
Changxu Wang
Deng Cai
2014241
Fast Inference from Transformers via Speculative Decoding
Finding Structure in TimeJ. Elman199011,242
Functional Benchmarks for Robust Evaluation of Reasoning Performance, and the Reasoning GapSaurabh Srivastava
B. AnnaroseM
V. AntoP
Shashank Menon
Ajay Sukumar
T. AdwaithSamod
Alan Philipose
Stevin Prince
Sooraj Thomas
202418
Functional Decision Theory: A New Theory of Instrumental Rationality
GPT-4 Technical ReportOpenAI20236,249
Generating Sequences With Recurrent Neural NetworksAlex Graves20143,857
Generating Sequences With Recurrent Neural Networks (2014)Alex Graves20133,857
Generative Adversarial NetsYoshua Bengio
Ian J. Goodfellow
Jean Pouget-Abadie
Mehdi Mirza
Bing Xu
David Warde-Farley
Sherjil Ozair
Aaron Courville
201427,129
GloVe: Global Vectors for Word RepresentationJeffrey Pennington
Richard Socher
Christopher D. Manning
201430,138
… risultati successivi

Concetti

I concetti includono metodi, strategie, e procedure impiegate nella costruzione e ottimizzazione di modelli e architetture IA.

 NomeIngleseSigla
Ablation (Intelligenza Artificiale)Ablation
Adversarial EndingsAdversarial Endings
Adversarial Filtering (AF)Adversarial FilteringAF
Allucinazione
Apprendimento Auto-Supervisionato
Apprendimento per rinforzo da feedback umanoReinforcement Learning From Human FeedbackRLHF
Attention (Machine Learning)Attantion
Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE)Byte-Pair EncodingBPE
Capacità Emergenti
Causal Language Modeling (CLM)Causal Language ModelingCLM
Chain of ThoughtChain of ThoughtCoT
Confabulazione
ConnessionismoConnectionism
Contamination TestingContamination Testing
Convinzione (Belief)
Dataset di PreferenzePreferences Dataset
Distillazione Della ConoscenzaKnowledge DistillationKD
Dropout (Reti Neurali)Dropout
Effetto Dunning-Kruger
Few-shot learningFew-shot learning
Fine-tuningFine-tuningSFT
Forward pass
Function CallingFunction Calling
Funzione Obiettivo (loss)Loss Function
Funzione di attivazioneActivation function
Generalizzazione zero-shot
GrokkingGrokking
Kernel di convoluzioneConvolution kernel
LLM-as-a-judgeLLM-as-a-judge
LayerNormLayerNormLayerNorm
Libero Arbitrio
LoRALoRA
Logit (Reti Neurali)Logit
Masked-Language-Modeling (MLM)Masked-Language-ModelingMLM
Mean Reciprocal Rank
Metodi di DecodingDecoding Methods
Modello GenerativoGenerative Model
Modello linguistico di grandi dimensioniLarge Language ModelLLM
Negative log-likelihoodNegative log-likelihood
Non-Maximum Suppression
Numero di Parametri nelle Reti NeuraliParameters in Neural Networks
Obiettivo di pre-training
One-hot encodingsOne-hot encodings
Ontologia (Informatica)Ontology
Optimizer (Reti Neurali)Optimizer
Povertà dello stimolo (Linguistica)Poverty of stimulus
Prefix-Tuning
Problema difficile della coscienza
Prompt Injection
Prompting
… risultati successivi